US 278
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From: Georgia State Line at North Augusta (Aiken County)
To: US 278 Hilton Head (Beaufort County)
Total Length: 154.3 miles  
Nationally, US 276 runs from US 59-71 Wickes AR to Hilton Head
ROUTE LOG
GA STATE LINE: 0 - 0
US 25 NB, SC 121 NB: 1.0 - 1.0
US 1 NB, US 78 EB, BEGIN SC 421: 1.5 - 2.5
SC 125 NB, SC 421 NB: 0.2 - 2.7
SC 28, SC 125 SB: 4.9 - 7.6
SC 302: 6.0 - 13.6
SC 19: 5.8 - 19.4
SC 781: 9.3 - 28.7
Barnwell-Aiken Line: 1.2 - 29.9
SC 39: 2.2 - 38.8
SC 37: 8.6 - 47.4
SC 64 WB: 1.9 - 49.3
SC 70: 0.3 - 49.6
SC 64 EB: 0.3 - 49.9
SC 3 NB: 1.3 - 51.2
SC 3 SB: 1.3 - 52.5
SC 300: 0.1 - 52.6
Allendale-Barnwell Line: 6.6 - 59.2
US 301 NB: 7.4 - 66.6
US 301 SB, SC 125: 0.3 - 66.9
US 321: 5.5 - 72.4
Hampton-Allendale Line: 0.8 - 73.2
US 601 NB, SC 363 WB: 8.2 - 81.4
US 601 SB: 0.5 - 81.9
SC 363 EB: 0.2 - 82.1
SC 63: 2.1 - 84.2
SC 68: 2.1 - 86.3
Jasper-Hampton Line: 6.8 - 93.1
SC 3: 4.6 - 97.7
SC 462 WB: 4.9 - 102.6
SC 462 EB: 0.8 - 103.4
SC 652: 4.8 - 108.2
US 17 NB: 4.3 - 112.5
SC 336: 0.2 - 112.7
US 17 SB: 12.7 - 125.4
I-95 (exit 8): 0.3 - 125.7
Beaufort-Jasper Line: 8.0 - 133.7
SC 170: 1.0 - 134.7
SC 46: 6.0 - 140.7
US 278 Bus: 8.6 - 149.3
US 278 Bus: 5.0 - 154.3
Creation: Extended to South Carolina in 1965, as an addition to US 1-78, then as an addition to SC 125 to Beech Island, then replacing SC 28 to barnwell, Hampton, and Varnville; then replacing SC 128 to Ridgeland; then replaced SC 462 over to the Bluffton area; then replaced SC 46 onto and around Hilton Head Island.

1962 Official
SC 28 from Beech Island to Varnville
1962 Official
1966 Official
US 278 replaces SC 28
1966 Official

1962 Official
various state routes from Varnville to Hilton Head
1962 Official
1966 Official
US 278 from Varnville to Hilton Head
1966 Official

Adjustments: Note that between 1963-66 the primary highway on Hilton Head Island was removed from today's S-7-44. It is not clear it the route was SC 46 or US 278 at that time.

1963 Beaufort County
Highway using today's S-7-44
1963 Beaufort County
1966 Beaufort County
Highway removed from S-7-44
1966 Beaufort County

Official maps through the mid-1970s showed US 278 turning south to Forest Beach. However, no Beaufort County map shows anything other than S-7-80 on Pope Rd, so I have big doubts if US 278 ever used Pope Rd south to the waterfront.
In 1998, US 278 was rerouted at Ridgeland to follow US 17 south to nearly Hardeeville, then east as an upgrade to S-27-88 and S-27-141 to meet back up with US 278 at the SC 170 jct. The old route out of Ridgeland became extensions of SC 336 and SC 462, plus SC 170 remained from their previous overlay.
Also in 1998, US 278 was given a toll bypass of a huge chunk of Hilton Head, leaving behind US 278 Business. Both routes now end at each other.

1996 Official
US 278 original Hilton Head approach
1996 Official
2006 Official
US 278 current Hilton Head approach plus toll bypass
2006 Official

Improvements: Fully paved upon designation.
The first multilane sections of US 278 were in place when designated: The US 1-78 multiplex; the SC 125 multiplex; the SC 64 multiplex in Barnwell
The next section to be upgraded was from Allendale to Fairfax, in 1977.
In 1980, US 278 was 4-laned in the SC 46 vicinity and on everything east of the bridge to Hilton Head.
In 1987, US 278 was fully 4-laned east of SC 46.
In 1990, US 278 was 4-laned between SC 170 and SC 46.
When US 278 was rerouted in 1998, everything east of US 17 became 4-laned including the toll bypass.
Comment: US 278 provides the only road access to Hilton Head Island, which today is a thriving resort area and is also the largest town in South Carolina in terms of area.
US 278's toll road was the first toll road in South Carolina in many years. The last one I can think of is today's SC 171 below SC 700, which was toll up to at least the 40's.
US 278 skims across the top of the Savannah River Site. Activity at the site is a lot of cleanup and restoration, so perhaps one day US 278 could be routed through the site instead of around it, especially since some of the roads in the interior of the site are 4-lane.
US 278 was blown off by I-95 until the mid 1990's when a new interchange was built (SC 336 exit today).


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Page last modified 21 August 2017